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ALFRED OXVEN, OF BUFFALO, NE\V YORK.

NAIL-MACHINE.

To LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALFRED OWEN, of Buffalo, in the county of Erie andState of New York, have invented certain Improve ments in Machinery forMaking `Wrought Nails; and I do hereby declare that the following' is afull, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part ofthis specifici.- tion, in which- Figure l represents the elevation ofthe machine. Fig. 2 is the plan of the same; Figs. 3 and et the two endviews; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken through A, B; Figs. (i and 7represent the hammer and anvil.

The machine consists of the stationary anvil a. securely fastened to ablock of wood bedded in the ground so as to insure solidity. The hammerZ), is operated by the arms c, o, whose lower ends have fiat projectionsthat rest on the faces of cams (Z, (Z, the other ends of the arms c, c,are fastened to the hammer which has two guides c, c, one on each end,these guides are secured to the ends of anvil a.

f is the main shaft giving motion to the cams CZ, (Z, and t-he cam g.Zz, (Fig. l), is an endless chain revolving around two wheels j, j, thatrun in their respective bearings ast on the guides c, c, said wheels areoperated by the cam g, on main shaft c', is a connection that transmitsthe motion from the cam g to the ratchet wheel Z: with its pawl andwhich is secured on a shaft f, on which is keyed the wheel the wheelsy', y', have grooves the size and shape of the hinge of the endlesschain Zz, so as to take firmly hold of it.

Every alternate link in the chain Z1, has a round hole inwhich is fittedthe grippers Z, Z, Z, having a rectangular hole through its length forthe nail rod to pass through while introducing the rod under the hammerZ).

m is a lever for holding the rods, while the nails are being forged.rlhe levers have flat places so as to loosen the rod by bring'- ingthese places opposite the rod.

a, a, a, are projections on the grippers Z, Z, Z, for turning saidgrippers, these projections match in the toothed bars, o, 0, opposite toeach other, and fastened to the two guides y), and Q', on which the.endless chain Z1, travels, or if desired these bars may be made movable(reciprocating) without changing the nature of the invention by whileintroduced in the machine.

s (Fig. 2) is a movable gage placed opposite to the rest 1 for gagingthe right amount of material for the nail.

t (Fig. is a friction roller for the pui'- pose of tightening the leversm, m, m, down on the rod while the levers m, m, m, pass that point.

u (Fig. l and Fig. 4) is a knocker 0perated by the motion of the arm c,c, and serves the purpose of loosening the rods in the grippers Z, Z, Z,as each one in its turn passes under the knocker.

o, o, fz), (Figs. 3, el, 5) are springs operating on each end of thehammer Z), to in crease its velocity while descending'.

(Fig. 5) is a packing or spring of india rubber or any other elasticmaterial for the hammer Z), to strike against so as to take away theinjurious jar, caused by t-he striking of the hammer b against the faceof anvil a; it also serves the purpose of regulating the force of theblow.

w, fw, (Fig. 4) vare two cutters for severing the nails from the rodafter passing through the whole length of the machine, One of them isfastened in the anvil a, the other in hammer Z), both being adjustable,they are operated by the movement of the hammer Z).

y (Fig. 5) is a cutter or shear for the purpose of cutting off anysurplus of iron that may be in the nail (caused by unevenness of therod) before the nail passes under the finishing dies.

.a (Fig. 5) are the two faces of hammer b, and anvil a or the dies whichshape the nail.

By referring to the drawing the operation of the dies on the iron can bemore readily seen, which is substantially this, the first die merelysquares that part of the Vrod intended to make a nail, the followingblows to within the four or five last blows merely forge out the ironunderthe machine to the required length, commencing near to where thehead is formed and continuing until the point on the nail is reached,when so far advanced the nail begins to receive blows from the dieswhich have the desired shape.

The operation of the machine is as follows The rods are heated in asuitable furnace stationed near the machine; and placed upon the rest 0(Fig. 1,) and pushed through the rectangular aperture in the grippers Z,Z, Z, when they present themselves, the gage 8 prevents the rod frombeing pushed too far. At the next move from the endless chain it the rodis fastened securely in the grippers Z, Z, Z, by the levers m, m, m,coming in contact with the friction roller t (Fig. 3) which depressesthe levers m, m, m. At the neXt move of the endless chain ZL, thegrippers Z, Z, Z, receives a motion equal to a quarter turn, and thenthe hammer Z) which receives its motion from the main shaft and whichalso imparts motion to the endless chain L reaches the point on cams g,g, which allows the hammer Z) to drop giving the rod a blow.Instantaneously with dropping, the hammer b is moved out of the way forthe V'rod to advance and for the grippers Z, Z, Z,

to turn back the quarter turn previously made so as to receive the nextblow. This is continued until within a few blows of being finished wherea cutter y is attached for the purpose of cutting off the point of thenail in case the rods contain too much material. The remaining blows ofthe hammer Z) give to the nail the desired shape. The next move of theendless chain h brings the rod between the cutters fw, fw, whichseparates the now forged nail from the rod, allowing it to drop in asuitable receptacle. The next move of the chain brings the lever m, m,m, in position to receive a blow from the knocker u, which loosens therod from the grippers Z, Z, Z, the rod then is ready to be taken out andheated over for making another nail.

I hat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is, firstl. Incombination with a stationary anvil,

and a moving hammer, each provided with suitable shaping dies, anendless chain carrier that brings up, and carries past the dies, thenail rods, substantially in the manner described.

2. In combination with an endless chain carrier, the series of grpperstraveling with it, for Afirmly holding, and turning the nail rods, tobring their several sides to the action of the hammer, substantially asdescribed.

3. In combination with a series of grippers that hold, carry, and turnthe nail rods, the levers m, for causing an increased gripping force,when the hammer is acting upon the spike'rod. Y

Ll. In combination with a traveling chain carrier, and a series ofgripper-s that hold, carry, and turn the nail rod, a deliveringmechanism for releasing the nail when nished substantially as described.

ALFRED GIVEN.

lVitnesses OTTO ULBRIDGE, JAMES S. LEAVITT.

